Like securing the perimeter, starting to rid the surrounding area of walkers, start processing food (flour, beer, raising livestock), training in self defense, developing body armor, finding better living quarters and improving them. The purpose should be to develop a workable society and to start having more children to propagate the species. The women and children are the most vital resource. You could go to any library and research medieval lifestyle and pretty accurately find what info you would need to subsist and to defend yourself for the time when the fuel runs out and you need to make candles, etc.
Human beings have earned a living on this planet through intelligence and the ability to adapt and be proactive. We lived through the ice ages where there were abundant predators by being ruthless and cunning. I think the show underestimates people.